SVの動詞

英語の5つの基本文型のうち、SVでよく使われる動詞を説明します。

SVでよく使われる動詞の種類

SVでよく使われる動詞の種類をカテゴリー分けしました。

それぞれを詳しく見ていきましょう。

助動詞 (Auxiliary verb)
- 動詞と一緒に使われ、時間・疑問・否定などを表す
- be動詞・have動詞・do動詞の3種類がある
  - 他の動詞の形を作る際にも使われる
    - 例：「I am eating.」のamはbe動詞の助動詞である

行為動詞 (Action verb)
- 何かを行う動作を表す動詞
  - 物理的・心理的な動作を含む
    - 例：「run」「jump」「sing」「think」「write」など

go（go, goes, went, gone, going）
- I go to school by bike.
- They went to the beach last weekend.
walk（walk, walks, walked, walking）
- She walks her dog every morning.
- We walked for hours in the park.
run（run, runs, ran, running）
- He runs every day to stay healthy.
- They ran a marathon last month.
eat（eat, eats, ate, eaten, eating）
- I ate sushi for dinner.
- She eats a lot of vegetables.
drink（drink, drinks, drank, drunk, drinking）
- Can I have a glass of water, please?
- He drinks coffee every morning.
play（play, plays, played, playing）
- They played soccer in the park.
- I play the piano as a hobby.

感情動詞 (Emotion verb)
- 感情を表す動詞
  - 自分や他人の気持ち・状態を表現
    - 例：「love」「hate」「like」「fear」「enjoy」など

like（like, likes, liked, liking）
- I like watching movies.
- She likes to read books.
love（love, loves, loved, loving）
- He loves his wife very much.
- They love going on trips.
hate（hate, hates, hated, hating）
- I hate spiders.
- She hates waking up early.
want（want, wants, wanted, wanting）
- I want a cup of coffee.
- He wants to go to the park.
need（need, needs, needed, needing）
- I need to buy some groceries.
- She needs to study for her exam.

知覚動詞 (Perception verb)
- 感覚を表す動詞
  - 見たり、聞いたり、匂いをかいだり、味を知ったりすることを表現
    - 例：「see」「hear」「smell」「taste」「feel」など

see（see, sees, saw, seen, seeing）
- I see a bird on the tree.
- Can you see the stars tonight?
hear（hear, hears, heard, hearing）
- I can hear the music from the next room.
- She heard a strange noise in the middle of the night.
smell（smell, smells, smelled, smelling）
- The flowers smell so good.
- I smell something burning.
taste（taste, tastes, tasted, tasting）
- This soup tastes delicious.
- He tasted the wine before serving it.
feel（feel, feels, felt, feeling）
- I feel tired today.
- She felt happy when she heard the news.

思考動詞 (Mental verb)
- 思考・知識・信念を表現する動詞
  - 知ることや理解すること、信じることなどを表現
    - 例：「think」「believe」「know」「understand」「remember」など

think（think, thinks, thought, thinking）
- I think it's going to rain today.
- He thinks that studying abroad is a good opportunity.
believe（believe, believes, believed, believing）
- I believe in ghosts.
- She believes that hard work pays off.
understand（understand, understands, understood, understanding）
- I don't understand this math problem.
- She understands the importance of learning a foreign language.
know（know, knows, knew, known, knowing）
- I know the answer to that question.
- He knows how to play the piano.
remember（remember, remembers, remembered, remembering）
- I remember meeting you at a party once.
- He doesn't remember his childhood very well.